Toro Dryer Accessories 99051SL User Manual

Commercial Products  
Hydraulic  
Filtersꢀ  
OEM Vs. Will-Fit  
PART NO. 99051SL  
 
Hydraulic Oil Filters  
1
Table of Contentsꢀ  
Contamination .................................................................................................................2  
Filter comparison.............................................................................................................4ꢀ  
Filter Ratings ...................................................................................................................4ꢀ  
Use of This Manual  
The information contained in this manual is supplementary to material found in other  
sources, it is not a replacement for them. You should always consult Service Manuals,  
Service Bulletins, Operator’s Manuals and Parts Books when necessary.  
Service Manual Updates and Service Bulletins can be found on the internet at:  
This Manual and the training program, which it supports, are both designed to help you  
gain knowledge of the product, and to inform you of when and why to make the necessary  
repairs. We have also included tips for performing those repairs.  
This program is designed for you. Your input and participation is appreciated.  
There is plenty of space in this manual for you to add your own notes and observations  
TORO® Service Training  
 
2
Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ  
There are a lot of filter suppliers currently  
manufacturing and selling filters for turf mowing  
equipment. Through this program we will try to  
explain the differences between "will-fit" filters and  
genuine OEM filters.  
Hydraulic Filters  
OEM vs. Will Fit  
Commercial Products  
First lets look at hydraulic system failures. It is  
believed that over 75% of all hydraulic systemꢀ  
failures are caused by contamination.ꢀ  
Contamination Causes Most Hydraulic  
System Failures  
These failures cost your business money throughꢀ  
lost production, the unit is down.ꢀ  
There is cost associated with replacing the failedꢀ  
component.ꢀ  
And if the oil is contaminated to the point that itꢀ  
needs to be replaced early, that to will addꢀ  
additional operating costs.ꢀ  
• Over 75% of all Hydraulic System failures are a  
direct result of contamination.  
• Increased repair cost resulting from:  
– Loss of Production (down time)  
– Component Replacement Costs  
– More Frequent Fluid Replacement (And Disposal)  
All of these costs can be avoided by properlyꢀ  
maintaining the equipment and keeping theꢀ  
hydraulic oil clean.ꢀ  
Contamination in the oil can inhibit the four mainꢀ  
function of the oil.ꢀ  
The oil is what actually transmits the energy (work)ꢀ  
through the system.ꢀ  
How Contamination Damages  
Hydraulic Systems  
The oil also has to lubricate the system.ꢀ  
The heat in a hydraulic system is carried away andꢀ  
dissipated by the oil. And the oil will seal up theꢀ  
small clearances in the hydraulic system.ꢀ  
• Contamination interferes with the four main  
functions of the Hydraulic Fluid.  
– To Act as an Energy Transmission Medium.  
– To Lubricate Moving Parts.  
– To Act as a Heat Transfer.  
Contamination, be it water or dirt and metal, willꢀ  
limit the oils ability to perform these functions.ꢀ  
– To Seal Small Clearances.  
TORO® Service Training  
 
Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ  
3
To give an example of some of the clearances in a  
hydraulic system, If we look at the spool section of  
an electric solenoid valve we can see that we will  
have a clearance of .0004 to .0009. These tight  
clearances will not accept contamination from the  
oil with out experiencing a problem. It is therefore  
important that the oil remains clean.  
Electric Solenoid Valve  
Spool To Bore Fit  
Spool  
Cage  
.4369 / 4371 DIA.  
.4375 / 4378 DIA.  
.0004 MIN  
Spool  
in Cage  
Clearance  
.0009 MAX  
Total  
This is a comparison chart of come common  
particles and their micron size.  
Particulate Contamination  
We can see that talcum powder is larger then we  
will let through our normal hydraulic filter  
Relative Sizes of Particles  
Sizes of Familiar Objects  
Substance  
Micron  
Inch  
Grain of Table Salt  
Human Hair  
100  
70  
40  
25  
10  
8
.0039  
.0027  
.00158  
.001  
Lower Limit of Visibility  
White Blood Cells  
Talcum Powder  
Red Blood Cells  
Bacteria (Average)  
.00039  
.0003  
.000078  
2
Here we see a solenoid valve spool that has been  
scored by contamination.  
Spool scored by  
contamination  
The marks on this spool can not be felt but they  
are deep enough to cause problems with this  
valve  
TORO® Service Training  
 
4
Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ  
A typical quality hydraulic filter will have a rigid  
cast base.  
Toro Hydraulic Filters  
• Filter Mounting Base  
• Filter Element  
– Steel Ends  
The filter seal will be a rubber seal, which is  
captive in the end of the filter.  
– Rigid Cast Base  
– Glued on Ends  
– Proper Micron Rating  
• Filter Element Seal  
– Positive Rubber seal  
Most Toro hydraulic filters will not have a bypass.  
The bypass will allow unfiltered oil to flow past the  
filter and back into the reservoir.  
• Spring (coil)  
– Captive in the Filter Element  
– Resists heat related  
Deformation  
• Bypass Valve  
– None for Hydraulic Filter  
– Needs Complete Filtration  
The filter element will have steel ends and it will be  
fully glued on the ends.  
The paper will also be the proper micron rating.  
And the spring will usually be a coil spring. This  
type of spring resists heat deformation  
Some cheaper filters may have a stamped steel  
base. This type of base can flex and leak.  
“Will Fitter” Hydraulic Filters  
• Filter Element  
– Glued on Ends  
Filter Mounting Base  
– Stamped Steel  
The filter element seal may be a non-captive seal.  
Under higher pressure situations this type of seal  
may leak.  
– Uneven Gluing  
– Can Flex  
– Proper Micron Rating ?  
Filter Element Seal  
– Rubber seal  
• Spring (Wafer)  
The filter may have a bypass valve. This may be  
because this filter is used in several applications,  
some that require a bypass valve.  
– Susceptible to heat related  
Deformation  
– Non-Captive  
– Not a positive seal  
Bypass Valve  
– Some have Bypass valves  
Allows unfiltered oil toꢀ  
bypassꢀ  
The filter element may or may not be glued on the  
ends. The gluing may be uneven.  
The micron rating of the filter element may not be  
correct.  
The filter may even be equipped with a wafer type  
spring. This type spring can change tension  
greatly under different temperatures  
There are two ways to rate filters.  
Micron ratings and Beta ratings.  
Micron Rating vs Beta Rating  
Rating of the Particle Size  
Stopped by the Filter  
Based on actual filter Efficiency.  
With Micron ratings there are two sub ratings.  
Rates the Filters Ability to  
Capture Various Size Particles.  
Nominal rating  
Removes Approx. 80 % of  
particles larger than rating.  
Absolute  
Removes all particles larger then  
rating.  
A nominal rating captures approximately 80% of  
the particles larger then the rating.  
Based on media hole size. Can  
vary widely  
A filter with an absolute rating removes all the  
particles larger then the rating.  
Not Based on Actual Filter  
Performance  
Micron ratings are based on the hole size of the  
media. It is not based on the actual filter  
performance.  
Beta Ratings are based ion the actual filter  
performance.  
TORO® Service Training  
 
Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ  
5
The Beta rating will consists of two numbers.  
The first number is the filtration ratio.  
What Beta Numbers Mean  
• First number  
– Filtration Ratio  
• Second Number  
• Example of Beta Rating  
– 2/2 = 50% of 2 Micron  
particles  
The second number is the particle size, in  
microns.  
– Particle Size  
(Micron)  
– 20/3 = 95% of 3  
Micron particles  
An example of a typical Beta Rating is:  
– 75/5 = 98.6% of 5  
Micron particles  
2/2, That equals 50% of the 2 micron particles  
20/3 That equals 95% of the 3 micron particles  
75/5 That equals 98.6% of the 5 micron particles  
This chart shows the filtration number and the  
percentage of particles stopped.  
Filtration Ratio  
Filtration Ratio / Efficiency Table  
1.01  
1.1  
1.0%  
9.0%  
1.5  
33.3%  
50.0%  
80.0%  
90.0%  
95.0%  
98.6%  
99.0%  
99.9%  
2.0  
5.0  
10.0  
20.0  
75.0  
100  
1000  
This slide shows the Beta rating for a Toro  
Hydraulic filter.  
Filter Comparison  
We can see that this filter captures 98.6 percent of  
the 5-micron particles.  
• Toro Filter  
– Beta Rating  
– 2/2  
• Carquest  
Filter  
– Beta Rating  
– 25/4  
– 20/3  
The competitive filter is not even an absolute 20-  
micron filter.  
– 50/20  
– 75/5  
TORO® Service Training  
 
6
Hydraulic Oil Filtersꢀ  
These filters are not the same.  
They may look the same and are manufactured by  
the same company. However, the beta ratings are  
not the same.  
Are they the same  
• Filter construction is  
• Carquest filter catches:  
– 96% of 4 micron particles  
Identical  
– Both filters made by  
Donaldson Co.  
– and only 98% of 20 micron  
particles  
These are not the same filters. Even though the  
parts house substitution book says they are the  
same.  
– Toro filter catches 50 % of  
2 micron particles, 95% of  
3 micron particles and 98.6  
percent of 5 micron  
– Not even rated for 2 or 3  
micron  
particles  
TORO® Service Training  
 
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ª The Toro Company  
 

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